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股票代碼 SH 600547 HK 1787

國務院《2030年前碳達峰行動方案》

發布日期(qi):2022.07.08

為深入貫徹落實(shi)黨中央、國務(wu)院關于(yu)碳達(da)峰(feng)、碳中和的重大戰略決(jue)策(ce),扎實(shi)推進碳達(da)峰(feng)行動,制定本方案。

一、總體要求

(一(yi))指導思想(xiang)。以習(xi)近平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國特色社會主義思想(xiang)為指導,全面貫徹黨(dang)的(de)(de)十九大和十九屆二中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四中(zhong)、五中(zhong)全會精神,深入(ru)貫徹習(xi)近平生態文明(ming)思想(xiang),立足新(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階(jie)段(duan),完(wan)整(zheng)(zheng)、準確(que)、全面貫徹新(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理(li)念(nian),構建(jian)新(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)格局(ju)(ju),堅(jian)持系(xi)統(tong)(tong)觀念(nian),處理(li)好發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和減(jian)排、整(zheng)(zheng)體和局(ju)(ju)部、短期和中(zhong)長期的(de)(de)關系(xi),統(tong)(tong)籌穩增長和調(diao)結構,把碳達峰(feng)、碳中(zhong)和納入(ru)經(jing)濟社會發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全局(ju)(ju),堅(jian)持“全國統(tong)(tong)籌、節約優(you)先、雙輪驅動、內外暢通、防范(fan)風險”的(de)(de)總方針,有(you)力有(you)序有(you)效做(zuo)好碳達峰(feng)工作(zuo),明(ming)確(que)各(ge)地區、各(ge)領(ling)域、各(ge)行業目標(biao)任務,加快實(shi)現生產生活方式綠色變革,推動經(jing)濟社會發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)立在資源高效利用和綠色低碳發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎之上,確(que)保如期實(shi)現2030年前碳達峰(feng)目標(biao)。

(二)工作原則。

——總(zong)(zong)體部署、分(fen)類施策(ce)。堅(jian)持全國一盤棋(qi),強化頂層設計(ji)和(he)各(ge)方統籌。各(ge)地區、各(ge)領(ling)域、各(ge)行業因地制宜(yi)、分(fen)類施策(ce),明確(que)既符合自身實際又滿足(zu)總(zong)(zong)體要(yao)求的目(mu)標任(ren)務(wu)。

——系(xi)統(tong)推(tui)進、重點(dian)突破。全(quan)面準(zhun)確認識碳達峰行動(dong)對經(jing)濟社會發展的(de)深遠影響,加強政(zheng)策的(de)系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)、協同性(xing)。抓住(zhu)主要(yao)矛盾和矛盾的(de)主要(yao)方(fang)面,推(tui)動(dong)重點(dian)領域、重點(dian)行業和有條件的(de)地方(fang)率先達峰。

——雙輪驅動、兩手發力(li)(li)。更好發揮(hui)政府(fu)作用,構建新(xin)型舉國體制,充分發揮(hui)市場機制作用,大力(li)(li)推進(jin)綠色低(di)碳科技(ji)創新(xin),深(shen)化能源和相關領域改(gai)革,形成(cheng)有效激勵(li)約束機制。

——穩(wen)妥有序(xu)(xu)、安全(quan)(quan)降碳(tan)(tan)。立(li)足我國(guo)富煤貧油(you)少氣(qi)的能(neng)(neng)源資源稟(bing)賦,堅(jian)持先立(li)后破,穩(wen)住存量(liang),拓展(zhan)增量(liang),以保障國(guo)家(jia)能(neng)(neng)源安全(quan)(quan)和經濟發展(zhan)為底線,爭取時間實現(xian)新能(neng)(neng)源的逐漸(jian)替代,推動能(neng)(neng)源低碳(tan)(tan)轉(zhuan)型平穩(wen)過渡(du),切(qie)實保障國(guo)家(jia)能(neng)(neng)源安全(quan)(quan)、產(chan)業鏈(lian)供應鏈(lian)安全(quan)(quan)、糧食安全(quan)(quan)和群眾正常生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活,著(zhu)力(li)化解(jie)各類風險隱患,防止(zhi)過度反應,穩(wen)妥有序(xu)(xu)、循序(xu)(xu)漸(jian)進(jin)推進(jin)碳(tan)(tan)達峰行動,確保安全(quan)(quan)降碳(tan)(tan)。

二、主要目標

“十四(si)五”期間,產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構和能(neng)源結構調(diao)整優化(hua)取(qu)得明顯進(jin)展(zhan),重點行(xing)業(ye)能(neng)源利用(yong)效率大幅提升,煤炭消費(fei)增長得到(dao)(dao)(dao)嚴格控制,新型電(dian)力系(xi)統加(jia)快構建,綠色低碳(tan)(tan)技術研發和推廣應用(yong)取(qu)得新進(jin)展(zhan),綠色生產(chan)(chan)生活方式得到(dao)(dao)(dao)普遍推行(xing),有利于綠色低碳(tan)(tan)循環發展(zhan)的(de)政策(ce)體系(xi)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)完善。到(dao)(dao)(dao)2025年(nian),非化(hua)石能(neng)源消費(fei)比(bi)重達到(dao)(dao)(dao)20%左右,單位國內(nei)生產(chan)(chan)總值能(neng)源消耗比(bi)2020年(nian)下降13.5%,單位國內(nei)生產(chan)(chan)總值二氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放比(bi)2020年(nian)下降18%,為實(shi)現碳(tan)(tan)達峰奠定堅實(shi)基(ji)礎。

“十五五”期間,產業結(jie)構調整(zheng)取得(de)重(zhong)大(da)進(jin)(jin)展(zhan),清(qing)潔低(di)碳(tan)安全(quan)高效(xiao)的能(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)系(xi)初步建立(li),重(zhong)點領域(yu)低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)模式(shi)基(ji)(ji)本形成,重(zhong)點耗能(neng)行(xing)業能(neng)源(yuan)利用效(xiao)率達(da)到國際(ji)先進(jin)(jin)水平,非(fei)(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)比重(zhong)進(jin)(jin)一步提高,煤炭消(xiao)費(fei)逐步減少,綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)技(ji)術取得(de)關鍵突破,綠(lv)色生活方式(shi)成為公眾(zhong)自覺選擇,綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)循環(huan)發(fa)展(zhan)政策(ce)體(ti)系(xi)基(ji)(ji)本健(jian)全(quan)。到2030年,非(fei)(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)比重(zhong)達(da)到25%左(zuo)右,單(dan)位國內生產總值二氧化(hua)碳(tan)排放比2005年下降(jiang)65%以上,順利實現(xian)2030年前碳(tan)達(da)峰目標。

三、重點任務

將碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)貫穿于經濟社會發展全過程(cheng)和(he)各(ge)方面,重點實施能(neng)(neng)源綠(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)轉型行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、節能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)增(zeng)效行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、工業領(ling)域碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、城鄉建設碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、交通(tong)運輸(shu)綠(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、循環經濟助力(li)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、綠(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)科技(ji)創新(xin)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)匯能(neng)(neng)力(li)鞏固(gu)提升行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、綠(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)全民行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、各(ge)地區梯次有序碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等“碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)十大行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”。

(一)能源綠(lv)色低(di)碳轉(zhuan)型行動(dong)。

能(neng)源(yuan)是經(jing)濟社會發展的(de)重要(yao)物質基礎,也是碳(tan)排放的(de)最主要(yao)來(lai)源(yuan)。要(yao)堅(jian)持安(an)(an)全降碳(tan),在保障(zhang)能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)(an)全的(de)前提下(xia),大力實施(shi)可再生能(neng)源(yuan)替(ti)代,加快構建清潔低碳(tan)安(an)(an)全高效的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)系。

1.推(tui)(tui)進(jin)煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)消費替代和(he)(he)轉(zhuan)型升級(ji)。加快煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)減量(liang)步伐,“十(shi)四五(wu)(wu)”時期嚴格合理控制(zhi)煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)消費增長,“十(shi)五(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu)”時期逐步減少。嚴格控制(zhi)新增煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)項目,新建機組煤(mei)(mei)耗標(biao)準達到國際先進(jin)水平,有序淘汰煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)落后產能(neng),加快現役機組節能(neng)升級(ji)和(he)(he)靈活性改造,積極(ji)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)供熱改造,推(tui)(tui)動煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)向(xiang)基礎保障性和(he)(he)系統調節性電(dian)(dian)源并(bing)重(zhong)轉(zhuan)型。嚴控跨(kua)區外送可再生(sheng)能(neng)源電(dian)(dian)力配套煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)規模,新建通道可再生(sheng)能(neng)源電(dian)(dian)量(liang)比(bi)例原則(ze)上不低于50%。推(tui)(tui)動重(zhong)點用煤(mei)(mei)行業減煤(mei)(mei)限煤(mei)(mei)。大力推(tui)(tui)動煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)清潔利用,合理劃定禁(jin)止散(san)燒區域,多(duo)措并(bing)舉、積極(ji)有序推(tui)(tui)進(jin)散(san)煤(mei)(mei)替代,逐步減少直至禁(jin)止煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)散(san)燒。

2.大力(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。全(quan)面推(tui)進(jin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)大規模開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展,堅(jian)持集中(zhong)式(shi)與(yu)分(fen)布式(shi)并舉,加快建設風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)。加快智能(neng)(neng)光伏(fu)(fu)產業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)升級和(he)特色應用(yong),創(chuang)新(xin)“光伏(fu)(fu)+”模式(shi),推(tui)進(jin)光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)多元布局。堅(jian)持陸海(hai)并重,推(tui)動(dong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)協調快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展,完善海(hai)上風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產業(ye)鏈,鼓勵建設海(hai)上風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)。積極發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),推(tui)動(dong)建立光熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)互補調節的風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)光熱(re)綜合可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)。因地(di)制宜(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)清潔(jie)供(gong)暖和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)天然氣。探索深化地(di)熱(re)能(neng)(neng)以及波浪(lang)能(neng)(neng)、潮流(liu)能(neng)(neng)、溫(wen)差能(neng)(neng)等(deng)海(hai)洋新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)。進(jin)一步完善可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)消納保障(zhang)機(ji)制。到2030年(nian),風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量(liang)達(da)到12億千瓦以上。

3.因地(di)制(zhi)宜開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)水電(dian)(dian)。積極推(tui)(tui)進水電(dian)(dian)基地(di)建設,推(tui)(tui)動(dong)金(jin)沙江(jiang)上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)、瀾(lan)滄江(jiang)上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)、雅礱江(jiang)中游(you)(you)(you)、黃河(he)上(shang)游(you)(you)(you)等已納入(ru)規(gui)劃、符(fu)合(he)生(sheng)態保護(hu)要求的(de)水電(dian)(dian)項目開(kai)工建設,推(tui)(tui)進雅魯(lu)藏布(bu)江(jiang)下游(you)(you)(you)水電(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa),推(tui)(tui)動(dong)小(xiao)水電(dian)(dian)綠色發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)西(xi)南(nan)地(di)區(qu)水電(dian)(dian)與風(feng)電(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)協同(tong)互補。統籌(chou)水電(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)和生(sheng)態保護(hu),探索建立(li)水能(neng)資源(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)態保護(hu)補償(chang)機制(zhi)。“十四(si)五”、“十五五”期(qi)間分(fen)別新增水電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量4000萬(wan)千瓦左(zuo)右,西(xi)南(nan)地(di)區(qu)以水電(dian)(dian)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)系基本建立(li)。

4.積(ji)極安(an)全(quan)有序(xu)發展核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)。合理確定核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)站布局(ju)和(he)開發時序(xu),在(zai)確保安(an)全(quan)的前提(ti)下有序(xu)發展核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian),保持平穩建設節奏。積(ji)極推(tui)動高溫氣冷(leng)堆、快(kuai)堆、模塊化小型堆、海上(shang)浮(fu)動堆等(deng)先進堆型示范工程,開展核(he)(he)能綜合利用示范。加大核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)標(biao)準化、自主化力度(du),加快(kuai)關鍵技術裝備(bei)(bei)攻關,培育高端核(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)裝備(bei)(bei)制(zhi)造產業集群。實行最嚴格(ge)的安(an)全(quan)標(biao)準和(he)最嚴格(ge)的監管,持續提(ti)升核(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)監管能力。

5.合(he)理(li)(li)調(diao)控油(you)(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)消(xiao)費。保(bao)持(chi)(chi)石油(you)(you)(you)消(xiao)費處(chu)于(yu)合(he)理(li)(li)區間,逐(zhu)步調(diao)整汽油(you)(you)(you)消(xiao)費規(gui)模,大力(li)推進(jin)(jin)先進(jin)(jin)生物液(ye)體燃料(liao)(liao)、可持(chi)(chi)續航空燃料(liao)(liao)等替(ti)代傳統燃油(you)(you)(you),提升終端(duan)燃油(you)(you)(you)產品能(neng)效(xiao)。加快推進(jin)(jin)頁巖氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、煤層氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、致(zhi)密油(you)(you)(you)(氣(qi)(qi)(qi))等非常規(gui)油(you)(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)資源規(gui)模化(hua)開發。有序引導(dao)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)消(xiao)費,優(you)(you)化(hua)利用結構,優(you)(you)先保(bao)障民生用氣(qi)(qi)(qi),大力(li)推動(dong)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)與多種能(neng)源融合(he)發展(zhan),因地制宜(yi)建設天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)調(diao)峰電站,合(he)理(li)(li)引導(dao)工(gong)業用氣(qi)(qi)(qi)和化(hua)工(gong)原料(liao)(liao)用氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。支持(chi)(chi)車(che)船(chuan)使用液(ye)化(hua)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)作為(wei)燃料(liao)(liao)。

6.加快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)。構建(jian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)占比逐(zhu)漸提(ti)高的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong),推動清潔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)大范圍(wei)優化配置。大力(li)(li)(li)提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)綜合(he)調(diao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),加快(kuai)靈活調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)設(she),引導自備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、傳(chuan)統(tong)高載能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)業負(fu)荷(he)、工(gong)商業可中斷(duan)負(fu)荷(he)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)絡、虛擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠等參與系(xi)統(tong)調(diao)節,建(jian)設(she)堅強智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang),提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)安全保障水平。積極(ji)發(fa)展“新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)+儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”、源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)(wang)荷(he)儲一體化和(he)多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互補,支持(chi)分布式新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)合(he)理配置儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系(xi)統(tong)。制(zhi)定新(xin)(xin)(xin)一輪抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)中長期發(fa)展規劃,完(wan)善促進抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)展的(de)(de)政策(ce)機制(zhi)。加快(kuai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)示范推廣應用。深化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)體制(zhi)改革,加快(kuai)構建(jian)全國統(tong)一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)市(shi)場體系(xi)。到(dao)(dao)2025年(nian),新(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)裝機容(rong)量(liang)(liang)達到(dao)(dao)3000萬千瓦以上(shang)。到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian),抽(chou)(chou)水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)裝機容(rong)量(liang)(liang)達到(dao)(dao)1.2億千瓦左右(you),省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)基(ji)本具備5%以上(shang)的(de)(de)尖峰負(fu)荷(he)響(xiang)應能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。

(二)節能降碳(tan)增效行動(dong)。

落實節約優先(xian)方針,完善能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)強度和總量雙控(kong)制度,嚴格控(kong)制能(neng)耗強度,合理控(kong)制能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)總量,推動(dong)能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)革(ge)命,建(jian)設能(neng)源(yuan)節約型(xing)社會。

1.全(quan)面(mian)提(ti)升節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)理能(neng)(neng)力。推(tui)行用(yong)能(neng)(neng)預算管(guan)理,強(qiang)化固定資產(chan)投資項目節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)審查(cha),對項目用(yong)能(neng)(neng)和碳排(pai)放情況進行綜合評(ping)價,從源(yuan)頭(tou)推(tui)進節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳。提(ti)高節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)理信息化水平,完(wan)善(shan)重點用(yong)能(neng)(neng)單位能(neng)(neng)耗在線監(jian)測系統,建立全(quan)國性(xing)、行業性(xing)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)技術推(tui)廣服務平臺(tai),推(tui)動高耗能(neng)(neng)企業建立能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)管(guan)理中心。完(wan)善(shan)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)計量體系,鼓勵采用(yong)認證手段(duan)提(ti)升節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)理水平。加強(qiang)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)監(jian)察能(neng)(neng)力建設,健全(quan)省、市、縣三級(ji)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)監(jian)察體系,建立跨(kua)部門聯動機(ji)制,綜合運(yun)用(yong)行政處(chu)罰、信用(yong)監(jian)管(guan)、綠色電價等手段(duan),增強(qiang)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)監(jian)察約束力。

2.實施(shi)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)重點(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。實施(shi)城(cheng)市(shi)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),開展(zhan)建(jian)(jian)筑、交(jiao)通、照(zhao)明、供熱等基礎(chu)設施(shi)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)升級(ji)改(gai)造,推進(jin)先進(jin)綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)筑技(ji)術示范(fan)應用(yong),推動(dong)城(cheng)市(shi)綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)效提升。實施(shi)園(yuan)區節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),以高耗能(neng)(neng)(neng)高排放項目(以下(xia)稱“兩高”項目)集聚度高的(de)園(yuan)區為重點(dian)(dian),推動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源系(xi)統(tong)優化(hua)和梯級(ji)利用(yong),打造一批達(da)到國際先進(jin)水平的(de)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)園(yuan)區。實施(shi)重點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),推動(dong)電力、鋼鐵、有色金屬、建(jian)(jian)材、石化(hua)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)等行業(ye)開展(zhan)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)改(gai)造,提升能(neng)(neng)(neng)源資源利用(yong)效率(lv)。實施(shi)重大(da)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)技(ji)術示范(fan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),支持已(yi)取(qu)得突破的(de)綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)關鍵技(ji)術開展(zhan)產業(ye)化(hua)示范(fan)應用(yong)。

3.推進重點用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)設備(bei)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)增效。以電機、風機、泵、壓縮機、變壓器、換熱器、工(gong)業鍋爐等設備(bei)為重點,全(quan)面提升能(neng)(neng)(neng)效標準(zhun)。建(jian)立(li)以能(neng)(neng)(neng)效為導向(xiang)的激勵約(yue)束(shu)機制,推廣先進高效產品設備(bei),加(jia)快(kuai)淘汰落(luo)后低效設備(bei)。加(jia)強重點用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)設備(bei)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)審查和日常監管(guan),強化生產、經營、銷售、使(shi)用(yong)、報廢全(quan)鏈(lian)條管(guan)理,嚴厲打擊(ji)違(wei)法違(wei)規行為,確保能(neng)(neng)(neng)效標準(zhun)和節能(neng)(neng)(neng)要求(qiu)全(quan)面落(luo)實(shi)。

4.加強(qiang)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施(shi)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降碳。優化(hua)(hua)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施(shi)空間布局(ju),統(tong)籌謀劃、科學(xue)配置數(shu)據(ju)中心(xin)等(deng)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施(shi),避免低水平(ping)重復建(jian)設(she)。優化(hua)(hua)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施(shi)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)結構,采(cai)用(yong)直(zhi)流供(gong)電、分布式儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、“光伏+儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”等(deng)模(mo)式,探索(suo)多(duo)樣化(hua)(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源供(gong)應,提高非化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源消費(fei)比重。對標國際先進(jin)水平(ping),加快完(wan)善通信、運(yun)算、存儲、傳輸等(deng)設(she)備(bei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效標準,提升準入(ru)門檻,淘汰落后設(she)備(bei)和技術(shu)。加強(qiang)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)施(shi)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管理,將年(nian)綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗超(chao)過1萬(wan)噸(dun)標準煤的(de)數(shu)據(ju)中心(xin)全部(bu)納(na)入(ru)重點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)單位(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗在線監測系統(tong),開展能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源計量審(shen)查。推(tui)動既(ji)有設(she)施(shi)綠色升級(ji)改造,積極推(tui)廣使(shi)用(yong)高效制(zhi)冷、先進(jin)通風、余熱利(li)用(yong)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)制(zhi)等(deng)技術(shu),提高設(she)施(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效水平(ping)。

(三(san))工業領域碳達峰行動。

工業是產(chan)生碳(tan)(tan)排放的主要領(ling)(ling)域之(zhi)一,對全國整體實(shi)現碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)具有(you)重要影響。工業領(ling)(ling)域要加快(kuai)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)(tan)轉型和高(gao)質量發展(zhan),力爭(zheng)率先(xian)實(shi)現碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)(feng)。

1.推(tui)動(dong)(dong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)。優(you)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)結構(gou),加快退出(chu)落后產能(neng)(neng),大力發(fa)展(zhan)戰略性新(xin)興產業(ye),加快傳統產業(ye)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)改造。促進(jin)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消費低(di)碳(tan)(tan)化(hua)(hua),推(tui)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)清潔(jie)高(gao)效利用(yong)(yong),提高(gao)可再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)應用(yong)(yong)比重,加強電力需求側管(guan)理(li),提升工(gong)(gong)業(ye)電氣化(hua)(hua)水平。深(shen)入(ru)實施綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)制(zhi)造工(gong)(gong)程,大力推(tui)行綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)設計,完善綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)制(zhi)造體系,建設綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)工(gong)(gong)廠和綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)園(yuan)區。推(tui)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)化(hua)(hua)融合發(fa)展(zhan),加強重點(dian)行業(ye)和領(ling)域技術改造。

2.推(tui)動鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)碳達峰。深化(hua)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)供(gong)給側(ce)結(jie)構性(xing)改革,嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)產(chan)能(neng)置換,嚴(yan)禁新(xin)增(zeng)產(chan)能(neng),推(tui)進(jin)存量優(you)化(hua),淘(tao)汰落(luo)后產(chan)能(neng)。推(tui)進(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)跨(kua)地(di)區、跨(kua)所(suo)有(you)制兼并重(zhong)組,提(ti)高(gao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)集中度。優(you)化(hua)生產(chan)力(li)布(bu)局,以京津(jin)冀及周邊地(di)區為重(zhong)點(dian),繼續壓減鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)產(chan)能(neng)。促進(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)結(jie)構優(you)化(hua)和清(qing)潔能(neng)源替代(dai),大力(li)推(tui)進(jin)非(fei)高(gao)爐煉鐵(tie)技術(shu)示范,提(ti)升廢(fei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)資源回收(shou)利用(yong)(yong)水平,推(tui)行(xing)全(quan)廢(fei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)電爐工(gong)藝。推(tui)廣先進(jin)適用(yong)(yong)技術(shu),深挖節能(neng)降碳潛力(li),鼓勵鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)化(hua)聯產(chan),探索開展(zhan)氫(qing)冶金、二氧化(hua)碳捕(bu)集利用(yong)(yong)一體(ti)化(hua)等試點(dian)示范,推(tui)動低品位余熱供(gong)暖發展(zhan)。

3.推動(dong)有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)屬行(xing)業(ye)碳(tan)達峰。鞏固化解電解鋁過剩(sheng)產(chan)能成果,嚴(yan)格執行(xing)產(chan)能置換,嚴(yan)控新增產(chan)能。推進清(qing)潔能源替代,提(ti)(ti)高水電、風電、太陽能發(fa)(fa)電等應用(yong)比(bi)重。加(jia)快(kuai)再生有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)屬產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),完(wan)善廢棄有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)屬資源回收(shou)(shou)、分(fen)選和加(jia)工(gong)網絡,提(ti)(ti)高再生有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)屬產(chan)量。加(jia)快(kuai)推廣應用(yong)先(xian)進適用(yong)綠色(se)(se)低碳(tan)技術(shu),提(ti)(ti)升有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)屬生產(chan)過程余熱(re)回收(shou)(shou)水平,推動(dong)單位產(chan)品能耗持續下降(jiang)。

4.推(tui)動建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)業(ye)碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)。加(jia)(jia)強產(chan)能(neng)置換監管,加(jia)(jia)快低效(xiao)產(chan)能(neng)退出,嚴禁新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)熟料、平板(ban)玻璃產(chan)能(neng),引(yin)導建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)業(ye)向輕型化、集(ji)約(yue)化、制品化轉型。推(tui)動水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)錯峰(feng)生產(chan)常態化,合理(li)縮短(duan)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)熟料裝置運轉時間。因地制宜利用(yong)(yong)風能(neng)、太陽能(neng)等可再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan),逐步提高電力(li)、天然氣應用(yong)(yong)比重。鼓勵(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)企業(ye)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)粉煤灰、工業(ye)廢渣、尾(wei)礦(kuang)渣等作為原料或水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)混合材(cai)(cai)。加(jia)(jia)快推(tui)進綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)產(chan)品認證和應用(yong)(yong)推(tui)廣,加(jia)(jia)強新(xin)型膠凝(ning)材(cai)(cai)料、低碳(tan)混凝(ning)土、木(mu)竹建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)等低碳(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)產(chan)品研發應用(yong)(yong)。推(tui)廣節能(neng)技術設(she)(she)備,開展能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)管理(li)體系建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),實(shi)現(xian)節能(neng)增(zeng)(zeng)效(xiao)。

5.推動(dong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)行業(ye)碳達峰。優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)規模(mo)和(he)(he)布局,加大落后產(chan)能(neng)(neng)淘汰力(li)度,有(you)效化(hua)(hua)(hua)解結構性過剩(sheng)矛盾。嚴(yan)格(ge)項目(mu)準(zhun)入,合理安排(pai)建設(she)時序(xu),嚴(yan)控新(xin)(xin)增煉(lian)油和(he)(he)傳統煤(mei)(mei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)生產(chan)能(neng)(neng)力(li),穩(wen)妥有(you)序(xu)發展現代煤(mei)(mei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)。引導企業(ye)轉(zhuan)變用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)方式,鼓勵以(yi)電力(li)、天然氣等替代煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)。調整原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)結構,控制新(xin)(xin)增原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei),拓展富氫原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)進(jin)口來源,推動(dong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)輕質化(hua)(hua)(hua)。優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)品結構,促(cu)進(jin)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)與煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)開采、冶金、建材(cai)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖等產(chan)業(ye)協同發展,加強煉(lian)廠干氣、液化(hua)(hua)(hua)氣等副(fu)產(chan)氣體高(gao)效利(li)用(yong)(yong)。鼓勵企業(ye)節能(neng)(neng)升級改造,推動(dong)能(neng)(neng)量梯級利(li)用(yong)(yong)、物料(liao)(liao)(liao)循環利(li)用(yong)(yong)。到2025年,國內原(yuan)(yuan)油一(yi)次(ci)加工(gong)能(neng)(neng)力(li)控制在10億噸以(yi)內,主要產(chan)品產(chan)能(neng)(neng)利(li)用(yong)(yong)率(lv)提升至(zhi)80%以(yi)上。

6.堅(jian)決遏制“兩(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目盲目發展。采取(qu)強有力措(cuo)施(shi),對(dui)(dui)“兩(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目實行(xing)清單管(guan)理、分類處置、動態監控(kong)。全面排(pai)查在建(jian)項目,對(dui)(dui)能(neng)效(xiao)水平低于本行(xing)業能(neng)耗限額準入值的,按(an)有關規定停工整改,推(tui)動能(neng)效(xiao)水平應提盡(jin)提,力爭(zheng)全面達(da)到國內乃至國際先進(jin)水平。科學評估擬(ni)建(jian)項目,對(dui)(dui)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)已(yi)飽和(he)的行(xing)業,按(an)照(zhao)“減(jian)量替代”原則壓減(jian)產(chan)(chan)能(neng);對(dui)(dui)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)尚未飽和(he)的行(xing)業,按(an)照(zhao)國家布局和(he)審(shen)批備案等要求,對(dui)(dui)標國際先進(jin)水平提高(gao)(gao)準入門檻;對(dui)(dui)能(neng)耗量較大的新興產(chan)(chan)業,支持(chi)引(yin)導企業應用綠色低碳技術(shu),提高(gao)(gao)能(neng)效(xiao)水平。深(shen)入挖潛(qian)存量項目,加快淘(tao)汰(tai)落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能(neng),通過改造升(sheng)級挖掘(jue)節能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)潛(qian)力。強化常態化監管(guan),堅(jian)決拿(na)下不符合要求的“兩(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目。

(四(si))城鄉(xiang)建設碳達峰行動。

加快推進城鄉建設綠(lv)(lv)色低碳發展,城市(shi)更新和鄉村振興都要(yao)落實綠(lv)(lv)色低碳要(yao)求。

1.推進城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)低碳轉型(xing)。推動(dong)城(cheng)市組團式(shi)發展(zhan),科學(xue)確定(ding)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)規模,控制新增建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用地過快增長。倡導綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)低碳規劃設(she)(she)計(ji)理(li)念,增強(qiang)(qiang)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)氣候韌性,建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)海綿(mian)城(cheng)市。推廣綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)低碳建(jian)(jian)材和綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)方(fang)式(shi),加(jia)(jia)快推進新型(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)業(ye)化,大(da)(da)力(li)發展(zhan)裝(zhuang)配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑,推廣鋼(gang)結構(gou)住(zhu)宅,推動(dong)建(jian)(jian)材循環利用,強(qiang)(qiang)化綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)設(she)(she)計(ji)和綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)施工(gong)管(guan)理(li)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)縣城(cheng)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)低碳建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。推動(dong)建(jian)(jian)立以綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)低碳為導向(xiang)的(de)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)規劃建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)管(guan)理(li)機(ji)制,制定(ding)建(jian)(jian)筑拆除管(guan)理(li)辦法,杜絕(jue)大(da)(da)拆大(da)(da)建(jian)(jian)。建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)城(cheng)鎮、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)社區(qu)。

2.加(jia)快(kuai)提升建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)(neng)效水平(ping)。加(jia)快(kuai)更(geng)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)、市(shi)政基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)等(deng)標準(zhun),提高節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)要求。加(jia)強(qiang)適(shi)用于不同氣(qi)候區(qu)、不同建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)類型的節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)技術研發和推廣(guang),推動(dong)超低(di)能(neng)(neng)耗建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、低(di)碳(tan)(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)規模化(hua)發展。加(jia)快(kuai)推進(jin)居住(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和公(gong)(gong)共建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)改(gai)造,持續推動(dong)老舊供(gong)熱(re)管網等(deng)市(shi)政基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)改(gai)造。提升城(cheng)鎮建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)運行管理智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)水平(ping),加(jia)快(kuai)推廣(guang)供(gong)熱(re)計量收費和合同能(neng)(neng)源管理,逐步開展公(gong)(gong)共建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)(neng)耗限額管理。到2025年,城(cheng)鎮新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全面執行綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準(zhun)。

3.加快優化(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用能(neng)(neng)(neng)結構。深化(hua)(hua)(hua)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)應(ying)用,推(tui)廣光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)與建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)應(ying)用。積(ji)極推(tui)動(dong)嚴寒、寒冷地區清潔取暖,推(tui)進熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)聯(lian)產集中供(gong)暖,加快工(gong)業余熱(re)(re)供(gong)暖規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)應(ying)用,積(ji)極穩妥開展核能(neng)(neng)(neng)供(gong)熱(re)(re)示范(fan),因地制(zhi)宜推(tui)行熱(re)(re)泵(beng)、生(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)(neng)、地熱(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)等清潔低(di)碳(tan)供(gong)暖。引導夏熱(re)(re)冬冷地區科學取暖,因地制(zhi)宜采用清潔高效取暖方式(shi)。提高建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)終端電(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)(hua)(hua)水平,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)集光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)、儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、直流配電(dian)(dian)、柔(rou)性用電(dian)(dian)于一(yi)體的(de)“光儲(chu)直柔(rou)”建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。到(dao)2025年(nian),城鎮(zhen)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源替代率(lv)達到(dao)8%,新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)公(gong)共機構建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廠房屋頂光伏(fu)覆蓋(gai)率(lv)力(li)爭達到(dao)50%。

4.推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)建設和用能低(di)碳轉型(xing)。推(tui)進(jin)綠色農(nong)(nong)房建設,加快農(nong)(nong)房節能改(gai)造。持續推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)地區清潔取暖,因地制(zhi)宜選擇適宜取暖方式。發展節能低(di)碳農(nong)(nong)業大棚。推(tui)廣節能環(huan)(huan)保灶(zao)具、電動農(nong)(nong)用車輛、節能環(huan)(huan)保農(nong)(nong)機(ji)和漁船(chuan)。加快生(sheng)(sheng)物質能、太陽能等可再生(sheng)(sheng)能源在農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產和農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活中的(de)應用。加強農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電網建設,提升農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)用能電氣化水平(ping)。

(五(wu))交(jiao)通運輸綠色低碳行動。

加快形成(cheng)綠色低碳(tan)運(yun)輸方式,確保交(jiao)通運(yun)輸領(ling)域碳(tan)排放(fang)增長保持在合理(li)區間。

1.推(tui)動運輸工具裝備低(di)碳(tan)轉(zhuan)型。積極擴大(da)電(dian)力、氫能(neng)、天(tian)然(ran)氣、先進生物液(ye)體(ti)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)等新(xin)能(neng)源、清潔(jie)能(neng)源在交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)運輸領域應(ying)用(yong)。大(da)力推(tui)廣新(xin)能(neng)源汽車,逐(zhu)步降低(di)傳統燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油(you)汽車在新(xin)車產銷和汽車保(bao)有量中的(de)(de)占比(bi)(bi),推(tui)動城(cheng)市公共服務車輛(liang)(liang)電(dian)動化(hua)替代,推(tui)廣電(dian)力、氫燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)、液(ye)化(hua)天(tian)然(ran)氣動力重(zhong)型貨運車輛(liang)(liang)。提(ti)升(sheng)鐵路(lu)系統電(dian)氣化(hua)水平。加快老舊(jiu)船舶更新(xin)改造(zao),發展電(dian)動、液(ye)化(hua)天(tian)然(ran)氣動力船舶,深入推(tui)進船舶靠港使用(yong)岸電(dian),因地制宜開展沿海、內河綠色智(zhi)能(neng)船舶示范應(ying)用(yong)。提(ti)升(sheng)機場運行電(dian)動化(hua)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)水平,發展新(xin)能(neng)源航(hang)空器。到2030年(nian)(nian),當年(nian)(nian)新(xin)增新(xin)能(neng)源、清潔(jie)能(neng)源動力的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)工具比(bi)(bi)例達到40%左右(you),營運交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)工具單位換(huan)算周轉(zhuan)量碳(tan)排放(fang)強度比(bi)(bi)2020年(nian)(nian)下降9.5%左右(you),國家鐵路(lu)單位換(huan)算周轉(zhuan)量綜(zong)合能(neng)耗(hao)比(bi)(bi)2020年(nian)(nian)下降10%。陸路(lu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)運輸石油(you)消(xiao)費力爭2030年(nian)(nian)前達到峰值。

2.構建綠(lv)色(se)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)交通運(yun)輸(shu)體系(xi)。發(fa)(fa)展智(zhi)能(neng)交通,推動(dong)不(bu)同運(yun)輸(shu)方式(shi)(shi)合(he)理分工(gong)、有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)銜(xian)接,降(jiang)低(di)(di)空載率(lv)和(he)不(bu)合(he)理客貨(huo)運(yun)周轉量。大力發(fa)(fa)展以鐵(tie)路、水路為(wei)骨(gu)干的多式(shi)(shi)聯運(yun),推進(jin)工(gong)礦企(qi)業、港口(kou)、物(wu)流園區等鐵(tie)路專用(yong)線建設(she),加(jia)快(kuai)內河高(gao)等級航(hang)道網建設(she),加(jia)快(kuai)大宗貨(huo)物(wu)和(he)中長(chang)距離貨(huo)物(wu)運(yun)輸(shu)“公(gong)轉鐵(tie)”、“公(gong)轉水”。加(jia)快(kuai)先進(jin)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)技術應(ying)用(yong),提升民航(hang)運(yun)行管理效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv),引(yin)導航(hang)空企(qi)業加(jia)強智(zhi)慧運(yun)行,實現系(xi)統化節能(neng)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)。加(jia)快(kuai)城鄉物(wu)流配送體系(xi)建設(she),創新綠(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)、集(ji)約高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)的配送模式(shi)(shi)。打造高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)銜(xian)接、快(kuai)捷(jie)舒適(shi)(shi)的公(gong)共交通服務體系(xi),積極引(yin)導公(gong)眾選(xuan)擇綠(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)交通方式(shi)(shi)。“十四五”期間,集(ji)裝箱鐵(tie)水聯運(yun)量年均增長(chang)15%以上(shang)。到2030年,城區常住人(ren)口(kou)100萬以上(shang)的城市(shi)綠(lv)色(se)出行比例不(bu)低(di)(di)于70%。

3.加(jia)快(kuai)綠色交(jiao)通(tong)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。將綠色低(di)碳(tan)理念(nian)貫(guan)穿(chuan)于交(jiao)通(tong)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施規劃、建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、運(yun)營(ying)和維(wei)護全過程(cheng),降低(di)全生命周期能耗(hao)和碳(tan)排(pai)放。開(kai)展(zhan)交(jiao)通(tong)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施綠色化提(ti)(ti)升改造,統籌利(li)用(yong)綜合(he)運(yun)輸(shu)通(tong)道線(xian)位、土地(di)、空域等(deng)(deng)(deng)資源(yuan),加(jia)大(da)岸線(xian)、錨(mao)地(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)資源(yuan)整合(he)力(li)度,提(ti)(ti)高(gao)利(li)用(yong)效率(lv)。有(you)序推(tui)進充電樁、配套電網、加(jia)注(氣)站(zhan)(zhan)、加(jia)氫站(zhan)(zhan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施建(jian)設(she)(she)(she),提(ti)(ti)升城市公共交(jiao)通(tong)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施水平。到2030年,民用(yong)運(yun)輸(shu)機場場內車(che)輛裝備等(deng)(deng)(deng)力(li)爭(zheng)全面實現電動化。

(六)循環經(jing)濟助力降碳行動。

抓住資(zi)源利用(yong)這個源頭,大力發展循(xun)環經(jing)濟,全面提高資(zi)源利用(yong)效率,充分發揮減少資(zi)源消耗和(he)降碳(tan)的(de)協同作用(yong)。

1.推(tui)進產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)化(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)。以(yi)提升資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)出率和(he)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)利(li)用(yong)率為目標,優化(hua)園(yuan)區(qu)空間布(bu)局,開展(zhan)(zhan)園(yuan)區(qu)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)化(hua)改(gai)造。推(tui)動園(yuan)區(qu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)式(shi)生產(chan)、產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)式(shi)組合(he),組織企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實施(shi)(shi)清潔生產(chan)改(gai)造,促進廢(fei)物綜合(he)利(li)用(yong)、能量梯級利(li)用(yong)、水資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)利(li)用(yong),推(tui)進工業(ye)(ye)(ye)余壓余熱、廢(fei)氣廢(fei)液廢(fei)渣(zha)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用(yong),積極(ji)推(tui)廣集中供(gong)氣供(gong)熱。搭建基礎設施(shi)(shi)和(he)公共服務共享平臺,加強園(yuan)區(qu)物質流管(guan)理。到2030年,省級以(yi)上重點產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)全(quan)部(bu)實施(shi)(shi)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)化(hua)改(gai)造。

2.加(jia)強大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)固(gu)廢綜(zong)(zong)合(he)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。提(ti)高礦(kuang)產(chan)資(zi)源綜(zong)(zong)合(he)開發利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水平和綜(zong)(zong)合(he)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率,以煤矸石(shi)、粉煤灰、尾(wei)礦(kuang)、共伴生礦(kuang)、冶(ye)煉渣、工業副產(chan)石(shi)膏、建筑垃(la)圾、農作物秸(jie)稈等(deng)大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)固(gu)廢為重點,支持大(da)(da)摻量(liang)、規(gui)模化、高值化利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong),鼓勵應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于替(ti)代原生非金屬(shu)礦(kuang)、砂石(shi)等(deng)資(zi)源。在確保安(an)全環保前提(ti)下(xia),探(tan)索將(jiang)磷石(shi)膏應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于土(tu)壤(rang)改良、井下(xia)充填(tian)、路(lu)基修筑等(deng)。推動建筑垃(la)圾資(zi)源化利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong),推廣廢棄路(lu)面材料原地再生利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。加(jia)快(kuai)推進秸(jie)稈高值化利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong),完(wan)善收儲運體系,嚴(yan)格禁燒管控。加(jia)快(kuai)大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)固(gu)廢綜(zong)(zong)合(he)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)示范建設。到2025年,大(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)固(gu)廢年利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)達到40億(yi)噸左右(you)(you);到2030年,年利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)達到45億(yi)噸左右(you)(you)。

3.健全資源(yuan)循(xun)環利(li)(li)用(yong)體系(xi)。完善廢舊物資回收網(wang)絡(luo),推行(xing)“互聯網(wang)+”回收模(mo)式(shi),實現再(zai)生資源(yuan)應收盡(jin)收。加強再(zai)生資源(yuan)綜合利(li)(li)用(yong)行(xing)業(ye)規(gui)(gui)范管理(li),促(cu)進產(chan)(chan)業(ye)集聚(ju)發(fa)展。高水平建(jian)設(she)現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)“城市礦產(chan)(chan)”基地,推動再(zai)生資源(yuan)規(gui)(gui)范化(hua)(hua)(hua)、規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、清潔化(hua)(hua)(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)。推進退(tui)役(yi)動力電池、光伏組件、風(feng)電機組葉片等(deng)新興產(chan)(chan)業(ye)廢物循(xun)環利(li)(li)用(yong)。促(cu)進汽車零部件、工(gong)程機械、文辦設(she)備等(deng)再(zai)制(zhi)造產(chan)(chan)業(ye)高質量(liang)發(fa)展。加強資源(yuan)再(zai)生產(chan)(chan)品和再(zai)制(zhi)造產(chan)(chan)品推廣應用(yong)。到2025年,廢鋼(gang)鐵、廢銅(tong)、廢鋁、廢鉛、廢鋅、廢紙(zhi)、廢塑料、廢橡膠、廢玻璃等(deng)9種主(zhu)要再(zai)生資源(yuan)循(xun)環利(li)(li)用(yong)量(liang)達(da)到4.5億(yi)噸,到2030年達(da)到5.1億(yi)噸。

4.大(da)力推進(jin)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)減量(liang)化(hua)(hua)資源化(hua)(hua)。扎實推進(jin)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)類,加快建立覆蓋(gai)全社(she)會的(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)收運處置體系,全面實現分(fen)(fen)類投(tou)放(fang)、分(fen)(fen)類收集(ji)、分(fen)(fen)類運輸、分(fen)(fen)類處理(li)。加強(qiang)塑料污染全鏈條(tiao)治理(li),整治過度包裝(zhuang),推動(dong)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)源頭減量(liang)。推進(jin)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)焚(fen)燒(shao)處理(li),降低(di)填(tian)埋比(bi)(bi)例(li),探索(suo)適(shi)合我國廚余垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)特性(xing)的(de)(de)資源化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)技(ji)術。推進(jin)污水(shui)資源化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)。到(dao)2025年(nian)(nian),城(cheng)市(shi)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)類體系基本健全,生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)資源化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)比(bi)(bi)例(li)提升(sheng)至(zhi)60%左右。到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian),城(cheng)市(shi)生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)類實現全覆蓋(gai),生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)資源化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)比(bi)(bi)例(li)提升(sheng)至(zhi)65%。

(七)綠色低碳(tan)科技(ji)創新行動。

發(fa)揮科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新的支撐引(yin)領作用,完善科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新體制機制,強(qiang)化創(chuang)(chuang)新能(neng)力(li),加(jia)快綠色低碳科(ke)技(ji)革命。

1.完善(shan)創新(xin)體(ti)(ti)制機制。制定科技(ji)(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和行動方案(an),在國(guo)家(jia)重點研(yan)(yan)發計劃中設立碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究與示(shi)范等重點專項,采(cai)取“揭榜掛帥”機制,開展低碳(tan)零碳(tan)負碳(tan)關(guan)鍵核(he)心技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)攻(gong)關(guan)。將綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)創新(xin)成果納入高(gao)等學校、科研(yan)(yan)單位、國(guo)有企(qi)業有關(guan)績(ji)效(xiao)考(kao)核(he)。強化企(qi)業創新(xin)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)地位,支(zhi)持企(qi)業承擔(dan)國(guo)家(jia)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)重大科技(ji)(ji)(ji)項目,鼓勵設施、數據(ju)等資源(yuan)開放(fang)共享。推進國(guo)家(jia)綠(lv)色(se)(se)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)交易(yi)中心建(jian)設,加(jia)快(kuai)創新(xin)成果轉化。加(jia)強綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)和產品(pin)知識(shi)產權保護。完善(shan)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)和產品(pin)檢測、評估、認證體(ti)(ti)系。

2.加(jia)強(qiang)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)力建(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)人才培養。組建(jian)碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)相關國(guo)家(jia)實(shi)驗室(shi)、國(guo)家(jia)重點實(shi)驗室(shi)和(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)技術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin),適度(du)超前(qian)布局國(guo)家(jia)重大科技基礎(chu)設(she)施,引導企業(ye)(ye)、高等(deng)(deng)學(xue)校(xiao)、科研單位共(gong)建(jian)一批國(guo)家(jia)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)。創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)人才培養模式,鼓勵(li)高等(deng)(deng)學(xue)校(xiao)加(jia)快新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源、儲能(neng)(neng)、氫能(neng)(neng)、碳(tan)減(jian)排(pai)、碳(tan)匯、碳(tan)排(pai)放權交易等(deng)(deng)學(xue)科建(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)人才培養,建(jian)設(she)一批綠(lv)色低碳(tan)領(ling)域未(wei)來技術學(xue)院(yuan)、現代產(chan)業(ye)(ye)學(xue)院(yuan)和(he)(he)示范性(xing)能(neng)(neng)源學(xue)院(yuan)。深化產(chan)教(jiao)融(rong)(rong)合(he),鼓勵(li)校(xiao)企聯合(he)開展(zhan)產(chan)學(xue)合(he)作協同育人項目(mu),組建(jian)碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)產(chan)教(jiao)融(rong)(rong)合(he)發展(zhan)聯盟(meng),建(jian)設(she)一批國(guo)家(jia)儲能(neng)(neng)技術產(chan)教(jiao)融(rong)(rong)合(he)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)平臺。

3.強化(hua)應用(yong)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)研究。實施一批具有(you)前瞻性(xing)、戰略(lve)性(xing)的國家重大前沿科(ke)技(ji)項目,推(tui)動低碳零(ling)碳負(fu)碳技(ji)術(shu)裝備研發(fa)取得(de)突破性(xing)進展。聚焦化(hua)石能源綠色智能開發(fa)和清潔低碳利用(yong)、可再生能源大規模利用(yong)、新型電(dian)力(li)系統、節能、氫能、儲能、動力(li)電(dian)池、二氧化(hua)碳捕集利用(yong)與封存(cun)等重點,深(shen)化(hua)應用(yong)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)研究。積(ji)極研發(fa)先(xian)進核電(dian)技(ji)術(shu),加(jia)強可控核聚變等前沿顛覆性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)研究。

4.加快先進(jin)適用(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術研(yan)發和推廣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。集中力量開展復(fu)雜大電網安全(quan)穩(wen)定運行(xing)和控制(zhi)、大容(rong)量風電、高效光(guang)伏、大功率液(ye)化(hua)天然氣(qi)發動(dong)機、大容(rong)量儲能(neng)、低(di)成(cheng)(cheng)本可(ke)再生能(neng)源制(zhi)氫、低(di)成(cheng)(cheng)本二(er)氧化(hua)碳(tan)捕集利用(yong)(yong)與封存(cun)等技(ji)(ji)術創新,加快碳(tan)纖維、氣(qi)凝膠、特種鋼材等基(ji)礎材料(liao)研(yan)發,補(bu)齊關鍵(jian)零(ling)部件(jian)、元(yuan)器件(jian)、軟件(jian)等短板(ban)。推廣先進(jin)成(cheng)(cheng)熟綠色低(di)碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)術,開展示(shi)(shi)范應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。建(jian)設全(quan)流(liu)程、集成(cheng)(cheng)化(hua)、規模化(hua)二(er)氧化(hua)碳(tan)捕集利用(yong)(yong)與封存(cun)示(shi)(shi)范項目。推進(jin)熔(rong)鹽儲能(neng)供熱和發電示(shi)(shi)范應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。加快氫能(neng)技(ji)(ji)術研(yan)發和示(shi)(shi)范應(ying)用(yong)(yong),探索(suo)在工業、交通(tong)運輸、建(jian)筑等領(ling)域(yu)規模化(hua)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。

(八)碳匯能力鞏(gong)固提(ti)升行動。

堅持系統(tong)觀念,推進山水林田(tian)湖草沙一體化保護(hu)和(he)修復,提(ti)(ti)高生態(tai)系統(tong)質量和(he)穩定性(xing),提(ti)(ti)升生態(tai)系統(tong)碳匯增量。

1.鞏固生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統固碳作用(yong)(yong)。結合(he)國(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)(kong)間規劃編制和(he)實施,構(gou)建(jian)有利于碳達(da)峰、碳中和(he)的(de)國(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)(kong)間開發保(bao)護(hu)格(ge)局(ju)。嚴(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅線,嚴(yan)控(kong)生(sheng)態(tai)空(kong)(kong)間占用(yong)(yong),建(jian)立以國(guo)(guo)家公(gong)園為主體(ti)的(de)自然保(bao)護(hu)地(di)體(ti)系(xi),穩定現有森林、草原、濕地(di)、海洋(yang)、土(tu)壤、凍土(tu)、巖(yan)溶等固碳作用(yong)(yong)。嚴(yan)格(ge)執行土(tu)地(di)使用(yong)(yong)標準,加強節約集約用(yong)(yong)地(di)評價,推(tui)廣節地(di)技術和(he)節地(di)模式。

2.提(ti)(ti)升生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統碳(tan)匯能力。實(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)重大(da)工程。深入推進大(da)規模(mo)國土綠化(hua)(hua)(hua)行動,鞏固(gu)退耕還林(lin)(lin)還草(cao)(cao)(cao)成果,擴大(da)林(lin)(lin)草(cao)(cao)(cao)資(zi)源總量。強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)森林(lin)(lin)資(zi)源保(bao)護(hu)(hu),實(shi)施(shi)森林(lin)(lin)質量精準提(ti)(ti)升工程,提(ti)(ti)高森林(lin)(lin)質量和穩定性。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)草(cao)(cao)(cao)原生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu),提(ti)(ti)高草(cao)(cao)(cao)原綜合植(zhi)被蓋(gai)度。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)河湖(hu)、濕地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)。整體推進海洋生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統保(bao)護(hu)(hu)和修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu),提(ti)(ti)升紅樹林(lin)(lin)、海草(cao)(cao)(cao)床、鹽沼等固(gu)碳(tan)能力。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)退化(hua)(hua)(hua)土地修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)治(zhi)理,開展荒漠化(hua)(hua)(hua)、石(shi)漠化(hua)(hua)(hua)、水(shui)土流失(shi)綜合治(zhi)理,實(shi)施(shi)歷(li)史遺(yi)留礦(kuang)山(shan)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)工程。到2030年,全(quan)國森林(lin)(lin)覆蓋(gai)率達到25%左右,森林(lin)(lin)蓄積量達到190億立(li)方米(mi)。

3.加強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)支撐。依(yi)托(tuo)和拓展自(zi)然資源(yuan)調(diao)查監(jian)(jian)測(ce)體系(xi),利用好國家林草生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態綜合監(jian)(jian)測(ce)評價(jia)成果,建(jian)立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)核(he)算(suan)體系(xi),開(kai)展森林、草原、濕地(di)、海洋(yang)、土壤(rang)、凍土、巖(yan)溶等碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)本底(di)調(diao)查、碳(tan)(tan)儲量評估、潛力分析(xi),實(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)修復(fu)碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)成效監(jian)(jian)測(ce)評估。加強(qiang)陸地(di)和海洋(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)理(li)論、基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)方法、前沿顛覆性技(ji)術研究。建(jian)立(li)健全能夠體現碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)價(jia)值的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)補償機制(zhi),研究制(zhi)定碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)項目參(can)與全國碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放權交(jiao)易相關規則。

4.推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村減排固碳(tan)。大力(li)發展(zhan)綠色低(di)碳(tan)循(xun)環農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye),推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)光互(hu)補、“光伏+設(she)施(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)”、“海上風(feng)電+海洋牧場”等(deng)低(di)碳(tan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)模式。研發應用(yong)增(zeng)匯型農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技術。開(kai)展(zhan)耕地質量(liang)提(ti)升(sheng)行動,實(shi)施(shi)國家黑土地保護(hu)工程,提(ti)升(sheng)土壤有機碳(tan)儲量(liang)。合(he)理控制(zhi)化肥、農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥、地膜使(shi)用(yong)量(liang),實(shi)施(shi)化肥農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥減量(liang)替代計劃,加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)作物秸稈綜合(he)利(li)用(yong)和畜禽糞污(wu)資源化利(li)用(yong)。

(九)綠色低碳全民(min)行動。

增強全民節(jie)約意(yi)(yi)識、環保意(yi)(yi)識、生態(tai)意(yi)(yi)識,倡(chang)導(dao)簡約適度、綠(lv)色低碳、文明健康的生活(huo)方式,把綠(lv)色理念(nian)轉化(hua)為全體人民的自(zi)覺行動。

1.加強(qiang)(qiang)生態(tai)文明(ming)宣(xuan)傳教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)。將生態(tai)文明(ming)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)納(na)入國(guo)民教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)體系(xi),開展多種(zhong)形(xing)式的資源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)國(guo)情教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu),普及(ji)碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)基(ji)礎知識(shi)。加強(qiang)(qiang)對公(gong)眾(zhong)的生態(tai)文明(ming)科普教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu),將綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)理念(nian)有機融入文藝作品,制作文創產品和(he)公(gong)益廣告,持續開展世界(jie)(jie)地球日(ri)、世界(jie)(jie)環(huan)境(jing)日(ri)、全國(guo)節能(neng)宣(xuan)傳周、全國(guo)低(di)碳(tan)日(ri)等(deng)主題宣(xuan)傳活(huo)動(dong),增強(qiang)(qiang)社會公(gong)眾(zhong)綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)意(yi)識(shi),推動(dong)生態(tai)文明(ming)理念(nian)更(geng)加深(shen)入人心。

2.推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)綠色(se)(se)低(di)碳生活(huo)方(fang)式。堅(jian)決遏制(zhi)奢侈(chi)浪費(fei)(fei)和不合理消費(fei)(fei),著(zhu)力破除奢靡鋪張的(de)歪風陋習,堅(jian)決制(zhi)止餐飲浪費(fei)(fei)行(xing)(xing)為。在全社會(hui)倡導節約(yue)用能(neng),開展(zhan)綠色(se)(se)低(di)碳社會(hui)行(xing)(xing)動示范創(chuang)(chuang)建,深入推(tui)(tui)進綠色(se)(se)生活(huo)創(chuang)(chuang)建行(xing)(xing)動,評(ping)選宣傳(chuan)一批優秀示范典型,營造綠色(se)(se)低(di)碳生活(huo)新風尚。大力發展(zhan)綠色(se)(se)消費(fei)(fei),推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)綠色(se)(se)低(di)碳產(chan)品(pin),完善綠色(se)(se)產(chan)品(pin)認證與標識制(zhi)度。提升(sheng)綠色(se)(se)產(chan)品(pin)在政府采購中的(de)比例(li)。

3.引導(dao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)履行社(she)會(hui)(hui)責任(ren)(ren)。引導(dao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)主動(dong)適應(ying)綠色(se)低碳發(fa)展要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),強化環境責任(ren)(ren)意識,加強能源資源節(jie)約(yue),提升綠色(se)創(chuang)新(xin)水平。重點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)國有企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)特(te)別是中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)制(zhi)定(ding)實施企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)碳達峰行動(dong)方案,發(fa)揮示范引領(ling)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。重點(dian)用(yong)(yong)能單(dan)位(wei)要(yao)(yao)梳理核算自身(shen)碳排(pai)(pai)放情(qing)況,深(shen)入研究碳減排(pai)(pai)路徑,“一企(qi)(qi)一策”制(zhi)定(ding)專項工(gong)作(zuo)方案,推進節(jie)能降碳。相(xiang)關上市公司和發(fa)債企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)按照(zhao)環境信息依(yi)法(fa)披露要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),定(ding)期公布(bu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)碳排(pai)(pai)放信息。充分發(fa)揮行業(ye)(ye)協會(hui)(hui)等社(she)會(hui)(hui)團體(ti)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),督促企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)自覺履行社(she)會(hui)(hui)責任(ren)(ren)。

4.強(qiang)化領(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部(bu)培訓(xun)(xun)。將學習(xi)貫徹習(xi)近(jin)平生態文(wen)明思(si)想作為干(gan)(gan)部(bu)教育培訓(xun)(xun)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要內(nei)容(rong)(rong),各(ge)(ge)級黨校(xiao)(行(xing)政學院)要把(ba)碳達(da)峰、碳中和相關內(nei)容(rong)(rong)列入教學計劃,分階段、多層(ceng)次對各(ge)(ge)級領(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部(bu)開(kai)展培訓(xun)(xun),普及科(ke)學知(zhi)識,宣講政策要點,強(qiang)化法(fa)治(zhi)意識,深化各(ge)(ge)級領(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部(bu)對碳達(da)峰、碳中和工(gong)(gong)作重(zhong)要性(xing)(xing)、緊迫性(xing)(xing)、科(ke)學性(xing)(xing)、系統性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)認識。從事綠色低(di)碳發(fa)展相關工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)領(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部(bu)要盡快提升專(zhuan)業素養(yang)和業務能力,切實(shi)增強(qiang)推動綠色低(di)碳發(fa)展的(de)(de)本領(ling)。

(十)各地區梯次(ci)有序碳達峰行動。

各(ge)地區(qu)要(yao)準(zhun)確(que)把握自身發(fa)展(zhan)定位,結合本(ben)地區(qu)經濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)實際和資源環境稟賦(fu),堅持分類(lei)施策(ce)、因地制宜、上下(xia)聯(lian)動(dong),梯次有(you)序推進碳達峰。

1.科學(xue)合理確定(ding)有序(xu)達(da)峰(feng)目標(biao)。碳排放已經基(ji)本穩定(ding)的地區要鞏固減(jian)排成(cheng)果(guo),在率先(xian)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)碳達(da)峰(feng)的基(ji)礎上進一步(bu)(bu)降(jiang)低碳排放。產(chan)業結(jie)構較(jiao)輕(qing)、能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結(jie)構較(jiao)優的地區要堅持綠色低碳發展,堅決不走依(yi)靠“兩高”項(xiang)目拉(la)動經濟(ji)增(zeng)長的老(lao)路,力爭率先(xian)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)碳達(da)峰(feng)。產(chan)業結(jie)構偏(pian)重、能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結(jie)構偏(pian)煤的地區和(he)(he)資源(yuan)型地區要把節能(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳擺在突出位置,大力優化調整(zheng)產(chan)業結(jie)構和(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結(jie)構,逐步(bu)(bu)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)碳排放增(zeng)長與經濟(ji)增(zeng)長脫鉤,力爭與全國同步(bu)(bu)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)碳達(da)峰(feng)。

2.因地(di)制宜推(tui)(tui)進(jin)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳發展(zhan)(zhan)。各地(di)區(qu)(qu)要(yao)結合區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)重大戰略、區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)協調發展(zhan)(zhan)戰略和(he)(he)主體功能區(qu)(qu)戰略,從(cong)實際(ji)出發推(tui)(tui)進(jin)本地(di)區(qu)(qu)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳發展(zhan)(zhan)。京津冀、長三角、粵港澳(ao)大灣區(qu)(qu)等區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)要(yao)發揮高(gao)質量發展(zhan)(zhan)動(dong)(dong)力源(yuan)和(he)(he)增(zeng)長極作(zuo)用,率先推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)經(jing)濟社(she)會發展(zhan)(zhan)全面(mian)(mian)綠(lv)色(se)(se)轉型。長江經(jing)濟帶、黃河(he)流域(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)國家生態(tai)文明試(shi)驗區(qu)(qu)要(yao)嚴格落(luo)實生態(tai)優(you)先、綠(lv)色(se)(se)發展(zhan)(zhan)戰略導向(xiang),在綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳發展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)走在全國前列。中西部和(he)(he)東北地(di)區(qu)(qu)要(yao)著力優(you)化能源(yuan)結構,按照產(chan)業(ye)政策和(he)(he)能耗雙(shuang)控要(yao)求,有(you)序推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)高(gao)耗能行業(ye)向(xiang)清潔(jie)能源(yuan)優(you)勢(shi)地(di)區(qu)(qu)集(ji)中,積極培(pei)育綠(lv)色(se)(se)發展(zhan)(zhan)動(dong)(dong)能。

3.上下聯動(dong)制定地(di)方(fang)達峰(feng)(feng)方(fang)案。各省、自治區(qu)、直轄市人(ren)民政府要(yao)按照國(guo)家(jia)總體部署,結合本(ben)地(di)區(qu)資源環境稟賦、產業(ye)布局、發展(zhan)階段等(deng),堅持全國(guo)一(yi)盤棋,不搶跑,科學制定本(ben)地(di)區(qu)碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)行(xing)動(dong)方(fang)案,提出(chu)符(fu)合實際(ji)、切實可(ke)行(xing)的碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)時間(jian)表、路線圖、施工(gong)圖,避免“一(yi)刀切”限電限產或(huo)運動(dong)式(shi)“減碳(tan)”。各地(di)區(qu)碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)行(xing)動(dong)方(fang)案經碳(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)中和工(gong)作(zuo)領導(dao)小組綜(zong)合平衡、審核通過后,由地(di)方(fang)自行(xing)印發實施。

4.組織開展(zhan)碳(tan)達峰(feng)試(shi)點建(jian)設(she)(she)。加大中(zhong)央對地方(fang)推(tui)進(jin)碳(tan)達峰(feng)的支(zhi)持力度,選擇100個具(ju)有典(dian)型(xing)代表性的城(cheng)(cheng)市和(he)園(yuan)區開展(zhan)碳(tan)達峰(feng)試(shi)點建(jian)設(she)(she),在政策、資金、技術(shu)等方(fang)面對試(shi)點城(cheng)(cheng)市和(he)園(yuan)區給予支(zhi)持,加快實現綠(lv)色低碳(tan)轉型(xing),為(wei)全國提供可操(cao)作、可復(fu)制(zhi)、可推(tui)廣的經驗做(zuo)法(fa)。

四、國際合作

(一)深度參(can)與(yu)全(quan)球氣(qi)候治理。大力宣(xuan)傳習近(jin)平生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明思想,分享中(zhong)國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明、綠色發展理念與(yu)實(shi)踐(jian)經驗(yan),為(wei)建(jian)設清潔美麗(li)世界(jie)貢獻中(zhong)國(guo)智慧(hui)、中(zhong)國(guo)方(fang)案(an)、中(zhong)國(guo)力量,共(gong)同構(gou)建(jian)人與(yu)自然生(sheng)(sheng)命共(gong)同體。主動參(can)與(yu)全(quan)球綠色治理體系建(jian)設,堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)共(gong)同但有區別的(de)責任原則(ze)(ze)、公(gong)平原則(ze)(ze)和(he)各自能力原則(ze)(ze),堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)多邊主義,維護以(yi)聯合國(guo)為(wei)核心(xin)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)體系,推(tui)動各方(fang)全(quan)面履行《聯合國(guo)氣(qi)候變化(hua)框架公(gong)約》及其《巴(ba)黎協定》。積(ji)極參(can)與(yu)國(guo)際(ji)航(hang)運、航(hang)空減排談判。

(二(er))開展綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)、技術(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)融合(he)(he)作。優化貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)結構(gou),大力發(fa)展高質量、高技術(shu)(shu)、高附加(jia)值綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)產品貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)。加(jia)強綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)標(biao)準國(guo)際合(he)(he)作,推動落實合(he)(he)格評(ping)定合(he)(he)作和(he)(he)互認機制(zhi),做(zuo)好綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)規則與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)進出(chu)(chu)口政(zheng)策的(de)銜接。加(jia)強節能環保產品和(he)(he)服務進出(chu)(chu)口。加(jia)大綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)技術(shu)(shu)合(he)(he)作力度,推動開展可再生能源(yuan)、儲能、氫能、二(er)氧化碳捕集利用與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)封存等領域科研(yan)合(he)(he)作和(he)(he)技術(shu)(shu)交(jiao)流(liu),積極參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)際熱核聚變(bian)實驗堆(dui)計劃(hua)等國(guo)際大科學工(gong)程。深化綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)金(jin)融國(guo)際合(he)(he)作,積極參與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)碳定價(jia)機制(zhi)和(he)(he)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)金(jin)融標(biao)準體系國(guo)際宏觀協調(diao),與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有關各方共同推動綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)低碳轉型(xing)。

(三)推(tui)進綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”建(jian)(jian)設(she)。秉持(chi)共商共建(jian)(jian)共享原(yuan)則,弘(hong)揚開放、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)、廉潔(jie)理念,加強與(yu)共建(jian)(jian)“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”國家的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)基建(jian)(jian)、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)能源(yuan)、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)金融等(deng)(deng)領域(yu)合(he)作(zuo),提高境外項目環境可持(chi)續(xu)性,打(da)造綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)、包容的“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”能源(yuan)合(he)作(zuo)伙伴關系,擴(kuo)大新能源(yuan)技(ji)術(shu)和產品出口。發揮“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發展(zhan)國際聯盟(meng)等(deng)(deng)合(he)作(zuo)平(ping)臺(tai)作(zuo)用(yong),推(tui)動(dong)實施(shi)《“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)投資原(yuan)則》,推(tui)進“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”應(ying)對氣(qi)候變化(hua)南(nan)南(nan)合(he)作(zuo)計劃和“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”科技(ji)創新行動(dong)計劃。

五、政策保障

(一(yi))建立統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)規(gui)(gui)范的(de)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)計核(he)算(suan)(suan)體系(xi)。加強碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)計核(he)算(suan)(suan)能力建設,深化核(he)算(suan)(suan)方(fang)法研究,加快建立統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)規(gui)(gui)范的(de)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)統(tong)(tong)(tong)計核(he)算(suan)(suan)體系(xi)。支持行(xing)業、企業依據(ju)自身特(te)點開展碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)核(he)算(suan)(suan)方(fang)法學研究,建立健(jian)全碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)計量體系(xi)。推進碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)實測(ce)技(ji)術發展,加快遙(yao)感測(ce)量、大數(shu)據(ju)、云計算(suan)(suan)等(deng)新(xin)興技(ji)術在碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)實測(ce)技(ji)術領域的(de)應用,提高統(tong)(tong)(tong)計核(he)算(suan)(suan)水平。積極參與國際碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)核(he)算(suan)(suan)方(fang)法研究,推動建立更為公平合(he)理(li)的(de)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)核(he)算(suan)(suan)方(fang)法體系(xi)。

(二(er))健全(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。構建(jian)(jian)有(you)利于綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)發展的法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)體系,推(tui)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源法(fa)(fa)(fa)、節(jie)約(yue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源法(fa)(fa)(fa)、電(dian)力法(fa)(fa)(fa)、煤(mei)炭法(fa)(fa)(fa)、可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源法(fa)(fa)(fa)、循環經濟促(cu)進(jin)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、清潔(jie)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)促(cu)進(jin)法(fa)(fa)(fa)等制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)訂。加快節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)更新,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)訂一批能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)限額(e)、產(chan)(chan)品設備能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效強(qiang)制(zhi)性國(guo)家標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)和工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),提高節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)要求。健全(quan)(quan)可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體系,加快相關(guan)領域標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)訂。建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)(quan)氫制(zhi)、儲、輸、用(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。完善工(gong)業(ye)綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體系。建(jian)(jian)立(li)重點(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)碳(tan)(tan)排放核算、報(bao)告、核查(cha)等標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),探(tan)索建(jian)(jian)立(li)重點(dian)(dian)產(chan)(chan)品全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周(zhou)期碳(tan)(tan)足跡(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。積極參與國(guo)際能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效、低(di)碳(tan)(tan)等標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)訂,加強(qiang)國(guo)際標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)協調。

(三)完(wan)(wan)善(shan)經濟(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。各(ge)級(ji)人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府要加大對碳(tan)(tan)達峰、碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)工(gong)作的支持力度。建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)有利于綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)發(fa)(fa)展的稅(shui)收政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體系,落(luo)實和(he)完(wan)(wan)善(shan)節能(neng)節水(shui)、資源綜(zong)合利用(yong)等(deng)稅(shui)收優惠政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),更好發(fa)(fa)揮稅(shui)收對市場主體綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)發(fa)(fa)展的促進作用(yong)。完(wan)(wan)善(shan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)電(dian)價(jia)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),健(jian)全(quan)居民(min)階梯(ti)電(dian)價(jia)制(zhi)度和(he)分時(shi)電(dian)價(jia)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),探(tan)索建立(li)分時(shi)電(dian)價(jia)動(dong)態調整機制(zhi)。完(wan)(wan)善(shan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)評(ping)價(jia)機制(zhi),建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)標準體系。大力發(fa)(fa)展綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)貸(dai)款、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)股(gu)權、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)債券(quan)、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)保險(xian)、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)基金(jin)等(deng)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)工(gong)具(ju),設(she)(she)立(li)碳(tan)(tan)減(jian)排(pai)支持工(gong)具(ju),引導金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構為(wei)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)項目提(ti)供長期(qi)限、低(di)(di)(di)成(cheng)本資金(jin),鼓(gu)勵(li)(li)開發(fa)(fa)性(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)性(xing)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構按照市場化(hua)法治化(hua)原則(ze)為(wei)碳(tan)(tan)達峰行動(dong)提(ti)供長期(qi)穩定融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資支持。拓展綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)債券(quan)市場的深度和(he)廣度,支持符合條件的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)企(qi)業(ye)上市融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資、掛牌融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資和(he)再融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資。研究設(she)(she)立(li)國家(jia)低(di)(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)轉型基金(jin),支持傳統產(chan)業(ye)和(he)資源富(fu)集地區綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)轉型。鼓(gu)勵(li)(li)社(she)會(hui)資本以市場化(hua)方式設(she)(she)立(li)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)產(chan)業(ye)投資基金(jin)。

(四)建立健(jian)全市場(chang)化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)。發揮全國碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)權(quan)(quan)交(jiao)易(yi)市場(chang)作用,進一步完(wan)善配套制(zhi)度,逐步擴(kuo)大交(jiao)易(yi)行業范圍。建設全國用能權(quan)(quan)交(jiao)易(yi)市場(chang),完(wan)善用能權(quan)(quan)有償(chang)使用和交(jiao)易(yi)制(zhi)度,做好(hao)與能耗(hao)雙控制(zhi)度的銜(xian)接。統籌推進碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)權(quan)(quan)、用能權(quan)(quan)、電(dian)力交(jiao)易(yi)等(deng)市場(chang)建設,加強市場(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)間的銜(xian)接與協調(diao),將(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)權(quan)(quan)、用能權(quan)(quan)交(jiao)易(yi)納入公共資源(yuan)交(jiao)易(yi)平臺。積極(ji)推行合同(tong)能源(yuan)管理,推廣節能咨詢(xun)、診(zhen)斷、設計、融資、改造、托管等(deng)“一站式(shi)”綜合服務(wu)模式(shi)。

六、組織實施

(一)加強(qiang)統(tong)(tong)籌協調(diao)。加強(qiang)黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央對(dui)碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)統(tong)(tong)一領導(dao),碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)領導(dao)小(xiao)組(zu)對(dui)碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)相關工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)(jin)行整體(ti)部署和(he)(he)系統(tong)(tong)推(tui)進(jin)(jin),統(tong)(tong)籌研究重要(yao)(yao)(yao)事項、制定重大(da)政(zheng)策。碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)領導(dao)小(xiao)組(zu)成員單位要(yao)(yao)(yao)按照黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央、國務院決策部署和(he)(he)領導(dao)小(xiao)組(zu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求,扎實推(tui)進(jin)(jin)相關工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)領導(dao)小(xiao)組(zu)辦公室(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)統(tong)(tong)籌協調(diao),定期對(dui)各地區(qu)和(he)(he)重點(dian)領域、重點(dian)行業工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)(jin)展情(qing)況進(jin)(jin)行調(diao)度,科學提出碳(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)分步驟(zou)的(de)時間表(biao)、路線圖,督促將(jiang)各項目標任(ren)務落實落細。

(二)強(qiang)化責任(ren)落實。各(ge)地(di)區各(ge)有關(guan)(guan)部門要(yao)(yao)(yao)深刻(ke)認(ren)識碳達峰、碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)工作的(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)、緊迫性(xing)、復雜性(xing),切實扛起責任(ren),按照《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央 國務院關(guan)(guan)于完整準確全面貫徹新發展理(li)念做好(hao)碳達峰碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)工作的(de)意見》和(he)(he)本(ben)方案確定(ding)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)目標和(he)(he)重點(dian)任(ren)務,著力(li)抓好(hao)各(ge)項任(ren)務落實,確保政策到位(wei)、措施到位(wei)、成(cheng)效(xiao)到位(wei),落實情況納(na)入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)央和(he)(he)省級(ji)生態環境保護(hu)督察。各(ge)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)單位(wei)、人(ren)民團(tuan)體、社會組織要(yao)(yao)(yao)按照國家有關(guan)(guan)部署,積極發揮自身作用(yong),推進綠色低(di)碳發展。

(三)嚴格監督考核(he)。實施以碳(tan)(tan)強(qiang)度控制(zhi)為(wei)主、碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)總量控制(zhi)為(wei)輔的制(zhi)度,對能源(yuan)消費和碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)指標實行協同(tong)管理、協同(tong)分(fen)解、協同(tong)考核(he),逐步建(jian)立系統(tong)完(wan)善的碳(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰碳(tan)(tan)中和綜(zong)合評價(jia)考核(he)制(zhi)度。加強(qiang)監督考核(he)結(jie)果應用,對碳(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰工作成效突出的地區(qu)(qu)、單位和個(ge)人(ren)按(an)規(gui)定給(gei)予表彰獎勵,對未完(wan)成目(mu)(mu)標任(ren)務(wu)的地區(qu)(qu)、部門(men)依(yi)規(gui)依(yi)法實行通報批評和約談(tan)問責。各省、自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)、直轄市人(ren)民(min)政府要組織開(kai)展碳(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰目(mu)(mu)標任(ren)務(wu)年度評估(gu),有關工作進(jin)展和重大問題(ti)要及時向(xiang)碳(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰碳(tan)(tan)中和工作領(ling)導(dao)小組報告。